INFORMATION: RAIL TRANSPORTATION

INFORMATION: RAIL TRANSPORTATION Transport modes are means by which people and freight can achieve mobility. That can be referring to three basic types, depending on over what surface they travel – land, water, and air. That refers to road, rail air, pipelines and sea.
We will discuss about Rail Transportation.
:: Rail transport is best defined of conveyance of passengers and goods by way of wheeled vehicles running on rail track, known as a railway or railroad. The rails are anchored perpendicular to railroad train consists of one or more connected vehicles that run on the rails. Propulsion is commonly provided by a locomotive, which hauls a series of unpowered cars, which can carry passengers or freight. The locomotive can be powered by steam, diesel or by electricity supplied by trackside systems. Alternatively, some or all the cars can be powered, known as a multiple unit. Also, a train can be powered by horses, cables, gravity, pneumatics and gas turbines. Railed vehicles move with much less friction than rubber tires on paved roads, making trains more energy efficient, though not as efficient as ships. Rail Transportation service can be divide by two common uses, which are for passenger and for goods.

So, for passengers, Intercity Trains are long-haul services connecting cities; modern high-speed rail is capable of speeds up to 350 km/h (220 mph), but this requires specially built track. Regional and Commuter Trains feed cities from suburbs and surrounding areas, while intra-urban transport is performed by high-capacity tramways and rapid transits, often making up the backbone of a city's public transport.

For goods transport, Freight Trains, traditionally used box cars, requiring manual loading and unloading of the cargo. Since the 1960s, container trains have become the dominant solution for general freight, while large quantities of bulk are transported by dedicated trains.

RAIL TRANSPORTATION. Basically, Railways are composed of a traced path on which vehicles are bound. They have an average level of physical constrains linked to the types of locomotives and a low gradient is required, particularly for freight. Heavy industries are traditionally linked with rail transport systems, although containerization has improved the flexibility of rail transportation by linking it with road and maritime modes. Road transportation has an average operational flexibility as vehicles can serve several purposes but are rarely able to move outside roads. Maritime transportation or Sea Transportation is the most effective mode to move large quantities of cargo over long distances. Rail is by far the land transportation mode offering the highest capacity with a 23,000 tons fully loaded coal unit train being the heaviest load ever carried. However, vary around the world, often challenging the integration of rail systems.

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